Types and functions of steering systems for auto parts:

The special mechanism used to change or restore the direction of the car is called the car steering system.
Basic components of the steering system
(1) The steering control mechanism is mainly composed of a steering wheel, a steering shaft and a steering column.
(2) The steering gear turns the rotation of the steering wheel into the swing of the steering rocker arm or the linear reciprocating motion of the rack shaft, and amplifies the steering operating force. The steering gear is usually fixed on the frame or body of the car, and the steering force generally changes the transmission direction after passing through the steering gear.
(3) The steering transmission mechanism transmits the force and motion output by the steering gear to the wheels (steering knuckles), so that the left and right wheels are deflected according to a certain relationship.

Type of steering system
According to the different steering energy, the steering system can be divided into mechanical steering system and power steering system.

Braking System
A series of special devices used in automobiles make the outside world (mainly the road surface) exert a certain force on some parts of the car (mainly the wheels) to achieve a certain degree of force, collectively referred to as the braking system. Its function is to slow down or even forcibly stop the moving car according to the driver's request; to stabilize the parking lot under various road conditions (including on ramps); to keep the speed of the downhill car stable.
Only the external force acting on the car in the opposite direction to the driving direction of the car can make the car brake, and these external forces are random and uncontrollable, so a series of special devices must be installed on the car to realize the above functions.

Classification:
(1) According to the function of the braking system
The braking system can be divided into service braking system, parking braking system, emergency braking system and auxiliary braking system. The braking system used to slow down or even stop a moving car is called a service braking system. The braking system used to hold a parked car in place is called a parking brake system. In the event of failure of the service braking system, the braking system that can ensure that the car decelerates or stops is called the emergency braking system. During driving, the auxiliary service braking system reduces the vehicle speed or keeps the vehicle speed stable, but the braking system used for emergency braking cannot be called an auxiliary braking system. Among the above-mentioned brake systems, a service brake system and a parking brake system are necessary for each vehicle.

(2) According to the braking control energy
The braking system can be divided into hand braking system, dynamic braking system and servo braking system. The braking system that takes the driver's body as the only braking energy source is called the hand braking system. A system that completely relies on the power of the engine to be converted into potential energy braking in the form of air pressure or hydraulic pressure is called a dynamic braking system. Braking systems that use both human power and engine power braking are called servo braking systems or power-assisted braking systems.

(3) According to the transmission method of braking energy
Braking systems can be divided into mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic and electromagnetic types. At the same time, the two braking systems with energy transmission methods are called combined braking systems.
The braking system generally consists of two main parts: the brake control mechanism and the brake.

(4) Brake control mechanism
Generate braking effect, control braking effect, and transfer braking energy to various parts of the brake, that is, as shown in the figure, 2, 3, 4, 6 in the brake wheel cylinder and the brake pipeline.